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2028 United States presidential election

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2028 United States presidential election
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November 7, 2028
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538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win
 
Party Republican Democratic
2028 United States presidential election in California2028 United States presidential election in Oregon2028 United States presidential election in Washington (state)2028 United States presidential election in Idaho2028 United States presidential election in Nevada2028 United States presidential election in Utah2028 United States presidential election in Arizona2028 United States presidential election in Montana2028 United States presidential election in Wyoming2028 United States presidential election in Colorado2028 United States presidential election in New Mexico2028 United States presidential election in North Dakota2028 United States presidential election in South Dakota2028 United States presidential election in Nebraska2028 United States presidential election in Kansas2028 United States presidential election in Oklahoma2028 United States presidential election in Texas2028 United States presidential election in Minnesota2028 United States presidential election in Iowa2028 United States presidential election in Missouri2028 United States presidential election in Arkansas2028 United States presidential election in Louisiana2028 United States presidential election in Wisconsin2028 United States presidential election in Illinois2028 United States presidential election in Michigan2028 United States presidential election in Indiana2028 United States presidential election in Ohio2028 United States presidential election in Kentucky2028 United States presidential election in Tennessee2028 United States presidential election in Mississippi2028 United States presidential election in Alabama2028 United States presidential election in Georgia2028 United States presidential election in Florida2028 United States presidential election in South Carolina2028 United States presidential election in North Carolina2028 United States presidential election in Virginia2028 United States presidential election in West Virginia2028 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia2028 United States presidential election in Maryland2028 United States presidential election in Delaware2028 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania2028 United States presidential election in New Jersey2028 United States presidential election in New York2028 United States presidential election in Connecticut2028 United States presidential election in Rhode Island2028 United States presidential election in Vermont2028 United States presidential election in New Hampshire2028 United States presidential election in Maine2028 United States presidential election in Massachusetts2028 United States presidential election in Hawaii2028 United States presidential election in Alaska2028 United States presidential election in the District of Columbia2028 United States presidential election in Maryland2028 United States presidential election in Delaware2028 United States presidential election in New Jersey2028 United States presidential election in Connecticut2028 United States presidential election in Rhode Island2028 United States presidential election in Massachusetts2028 United States presidential election in Vermont2028 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
2028 electoral map, based on the results of the 2020 census
Incumbent President

Donald Trump
Republican


Presidential elections are scheduled to be held in the United States on November 7, 2028, to elect the president and vice president for a term of four years. In the 2024 elections, the Republican Party retained its majority in the House of Representatives and gained control of the Senate. Former president Donald Trump won a nonconsecutive second term. Trump is ineligible to run for a third term, per the term limits established by the 22nd Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Background

Donald Trump, the incumbent president, whose non-consecutive second term will expire at noon on January 20, 2029

The Republican Party returned to power in the United States in January 2025 with a government trifecta—controlling the Senate, House of Representatives, and the presidency—following the 2024 elections. Donald Trump, who was elected president in 2016 before losing a re-election bid in 2020 to Joe Biden, defeated Vice President Kamala Harris, who immediately began her campaign following Biden's withdrawal from his re-election bid. Trump's victory was attributed to a post-pandemic surge in inflation,[a] and a migrant crisis at the US–Mexico border,[b] amidst the global anti-incumbent backlash.[7][8][9] In March 2024, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled in Trump v. Anderson that Trump could seek office after challenges to his ballot eligibility were raised by several state attorneys general.[10]

JD Vance, a U.S. senator from Ohio, was selected as Trump's running mate[11] and subsequently elected vice president.

In addition, Republicans secured control of the Senate, flipping four seats and earning a three-seat majority, while also retaining a House majority, though the party's majority narrowed to three seats after losing two seats.[12]

Electoral system

The president and vice president of the United States are elected through the Electoral College, determined by the number of senators and representatives with an additional three representatives for Washington, D.C. A majority of 270 votes is needed to win the election. 48 states use a winner-take-all system, in which states award all of their electors to the winner of the popular vote. In Maine and Nebraska, two votes are allocated to the winner of the popular vote, while each of the individual congressional districts have one vote. Electoral votes are cast by state electors in December and are counted by Congress on January 6.[13] Presidential candidates are selected in a presidential primary, conducted through primary elections run by state governments or caucuses run by state parties which bind convention delegates to candidates.[14] A brokered convention occurs when a candidate does not receive a majority of votes on the first round of voting,[15] or when a candidate withdraws.[16]

Election Day in the United States is held on the first Tuesday that falls after the first Monday in November.[17] The 2028 presidential election will occur on November 7, 2028.

Eligibility

The United States Constitution limits occupancy of the presidency to individuals who are at least thirty-five, who have been a resident in the United States for at least fourteen years, and who are a natural-born citizen.[18] Section three of the Fourteenth Amendment prevents current and former federal, state, and military officials from holding office—including the presidency—if they have "engaged in insurrection or rebellion" against the United States.[19] A convicted felon may serve as president.[20] Incumbent president Trump, along with former presidents Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama, are ineligible to be elected to a third term, as the Twenty-second Amendment prohibits any person from being elected president more than twice.[21]

Trump's suggestions on running for a third term

Trump meeting Democratic congressional leaders in September 2025, with Trump 2028 hats displayed

Since beginning his second term in January 2025, Trump has floated the possibility of seeking a third term. On October 27, 2025, when asked about a third term by a reporter on Air Force One, Trump said that he would "love to do it". Trump did rule out a run for vice president, stating that it "wouldn't be right". A hypothetical third term would give Trump four additional years as president after 2028, going through the 2032 United States presidential election, and ending on January 20, 2033;[22][23] however, the possibility of a third term is unconstitutional under the Twenty-second Amendment, barring all former and current presidents from seeking more than two terms in office. If Trump intends to have the amendment repealed, he would have to either require approval from two-thirds of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, or he would need a constitutional convention called by two-thirds of state legislatures, a process viewed by experts as extremely unlikely.[24][25]

Electoral map

This map shows how partisan states are by the Cook Partisan Voting Index. Swing states are the states in lighter colors.

Most US states are usually not highly competitive in presidential elections, often voting consistently for the same party due to longstanding demographic and ideological differences. In the Electoral College, this results in major-party candidates primarily focusing their campaigns on swing states, which can swing between parties from election to election. These states are critical for a presidential candidate's path to victory. For 2028, the expected swing states likely include the Rust Belt states of Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Michigan, the Sun Belt states of Arizona, Georgia, Nevada, and North Carolina and the New England state of New Hampshire, with all except for New Hampshire having narrowly voted for Trump in 2024, with all except for North Carolina having narrowly voted for Joe Biden in 2020.[26][27][28] Other possible swing states include traditional Democratic strongholds that shifted toward Trump and were only narrowly won by Harris in 2024: New Jersey[29][30] and Minnesota;[31] though 2025 polls show a reversal of pro-Trump trends.[32]

States formerly considered swing states, such as Florida, Iowa, and Ohio, voted for Trump in all three of his previous election bids, as well as for Republican candidates in other state and federal elections, with increasing margins in each election and are now seen as solidly red states. Similarly, Maine's 2nd congressional district, which awards 1 electoral vote, has not voted Democratic in any statewide race since 2012 and is now considered a solid red district.[33][34][35][36] Former red or swing states that, since 2008, have consistently voted Democratic include Colorado, New Mexico, and Virginia.[37] Due to its recent record of voting Democratic even during Republican national victories, Nebraska's 2nd congressional district has been called "the Blue Dot."[38][39]

Republican Party primaries

Declared

Candidate Born Experience State Announcement date Campaign Ref

Dan Greaney		 (1964-09-28)September 28, 1964
(age 61)
Duxbury, Massachusetts		 Television writer California May 26, 2026
FEC filing[40]
Website		 [41]

Royce White		 (1991-04-10)April 10, 1991
(age 35)
Minneapolis, Minnesota		 Former NBA player Minnesota August 12, 2026 [42]

Exploratory committee

Candidate Born Experience State Exploratory committee
announced		 Ref

Gregory Bovino		 March 27, 1970
(age 56)
San Bernardino County, California		 Commander-at-large of U.S. Border Patrol
(2025–2026)		 California June 8, 2026 [43]

Expressed interest

Individuals who have expressed an interest in running for the Republican presidential nomination[c]

Speculated by the media

Potential Republican candidates[d]

Democratic Party primaries

Expressed interest

Individuals who have expressed an interest in running for the Democratic presidential nomination[e]

Speculated by the media

Potential Democratic candidates[f]

Third-party and independent candidates

Candidates

Formed exploratory committee

Candidate Born Experience State Party Exploratory committee
announced		 Website Ref

Jo Jorgensen		 May 1, 1957
(age 69)
Libertyville, Illinois		 2020 Libertarian presidential nominee South Carolina Libertarian May 28, 2026 VoteJo28.com [44]
Jo Jorgensen

Jo Jorgensen is an academic and political activist who was the Libertarian Party's presidential nominee in the 2020 election. In May 2026, Jorgensen announced the formation of an exploratory committee to weigh a potential run for the 2028 Libertarian presidential nomination.[44][45]

Expressed interest

Afroman

Afroman is a rapper, singer and musician who ran as an independent presidential candidate in 2024. In an April 2026 interview with Reason magazine, he hinted at a possible run for the Libertarian Party's 2028 presidential nomination.[46][47]

Andrew Yang

Andrew Yang is a businessman and political activist who sought the Democratic Party's presidential nomination in 2020.[48] He later founded the Forward Party.[49] In an April 2026 interview with The New York Times, Yang said that he was "still bent out of shape" over the Democratic Party's treatment of former congressman Dean Phillips, who ran an unsuccessful campaign against Biden for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination in 2024.[50] He stated in a June 2026 interview with Yahoo Finance that he was "willing to serve" and... "we'll have to see what 2028 holds."[51] In an August 2026 interview with Scripps News, Yang did not rule out another run for the White House in 2028 and said that "if there are pieces in place ... I'm still very, very much a patriot and want to do what I can for the country."[52]

Declined to be candidates

The following individuals have publicly denied interest in being a candidate:

Endorsements

Tucker Carlson (declined)
Executive branch officials
U.S. representatives
Individuals
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (declined)
Individuals

Timeline

Opinion polling

General election

Nationwide

JD Vance vs. Kamala Harris
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Kamala Harris
(D)		 Undecided

Emerson College

 August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 45% 49% 6%
Zogby July 1–4, 2026 1,003 (LV) 43% 48% 9%
TPSI May 21, 2026 893 (LV) 39% 47% 14%
Zogby January 1–7, 2026 891 (LV) 42.1% 48.5% 9.4%
Morning Consult November 14–16, 2025 2,201 (RV) 42% 43% 15%
Overton Insights June 23–26, 2025 1,200 (RV) 42% 45% 12%
January 20, 2025 Second inauguration of Donald Trump
On Point/SoCal Strategies December 23, 2024 656 (A) 41% 43% 16%
American Pulse Research & Polling December 17–20, 2024 661 (LV) 46% 47% 7%
JD Vance vs. Gavin Newsom
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Gavin Newsom
(D)		 Undecided
Emerson College August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 44% 49% 7%

Zogby

 July 1–4, 2026 1,003 (LV) 45% 38% 7%
Overton Insights May 16–20, 2026 1,377 (V) 39% 44% 9%
UMass Lowell March 26–30, 2026 1000 (RV)[j] 36% 33% 12%
Zogby January 1–7, 2026 891 (LV) 44.6% 41% 14.3%
The Argument/Verasight November 10–17, 2025 1,508 (RV) 46.4% 53.6% –
Morning Consult November 14–16, 2025 2,201 (RV) 42% 41% 17%
Overton Insights October 27–29, 2025 1,200 (RV) 43% 46% 11%
YouGov October 16–20, 2025 1,000 (A) 32% 36% 32%
Echelon Insights October 16–20, 2025 1,010 (LV) 46% 47% 7%
Emerson College October 13–14, 2025 1,000 (RV) 45.5% 44.9% 9.6%
Leger360 August 29–31, 2025 849 (A) 46% 47% 7%
YouGov/Yahoo August 29 – September 2, 2025 1,690 (A) 41% 49% 10%
Emerson College August 25–26, 2025 1,000 (RV) 44.4% 43.5% 12.1%
On Point/SoCal Strategies August 18, 2025 700 (A) 37% 39% 23%
Emerson College July 21–22, 2025 1,400 (RV) 45.3% 42.1% 12.6%
January 20, 2025 Second inauguration of Donald Trump
On Point/SoCal Strategies December 23, 2024 656 (A) 37% 34% 29%
JD Vance vs. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
(D)		 Undecided
Quantus Insights August 26–28, 2026 1,200 (LV) 45% 42% 13%
Emerson College August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 46% 44% 11%
Zogby July 1–4, 2026 1,003 (LV) 45% 38% 7%
UMass Lowell March 26–30, 2026 1000 (RV)[k] 36% 33% 13%
Focaldata March 6–10, 2026 1,782 (A) 40% 43% 18%
The Argument/Verasight December 5–11, 2025 1,521 (RV) 49% 51% –
YouGov October 16–20, 2025 1,000 (A) 34% 34% 32%
Emerson College July 21–22, 2025 1,400 (RV) 44.4% 41.0% 14.6%
JD Vance vs. Josh Shapiro
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Josh Shapiro
(D)		 Undecided
On Point/SoCal Strategies December 23, 2024 656 (A) 37% 34% 29%
JD Vance vs. Stephen A. Smith
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Stephen A. Smith
(D)		 Undecided
On Point/SoCal Strategies August 18, 2025 700 (A) 37% 35% 28%
JD Vance vs. Gretchen Whitmer
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Gretchen Whitmer
(D)		 Undecided
On Point/SoCal Strategies December 23, 2024 656 (A) 40% 33% 26%
JD Vance vs. Pete Buttigieg
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Pete Buttigieg
(D)		 Undecided
Emerson College August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 44% 49% 8%
On Point/SoCal Strategies August 18, 2025 700 (A) 37% 41% 21%
Emerson College July 21–22, 2025 1,400 (RV) 43.9% 43.1% 13.0%
JD Vance vs. Jon Ossoff
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Jon Ossoff
(D)		 Undecided
Emerson College August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 44% 49% 7%
Marco Rubio vs. Kamala Harris
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 Marco Rubio
(R)		 Kamala Harris
(D)		 Undecided
Emerson College[66] August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 48% 43% 9%
Zogby July 1–4, 2026 1,003 (LV) 41% 46% 13%
Morning Consult November 14–16, 2025 2,201 (RV) 40% 42% 18%
Marco Rubio vs. Gavin Newsom
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 Marco Rubio
(R)		 Gavin Newsom
(D)		 Undecided
Emerson College August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 46% 48% 6%
Zogby July 1–4, 2026 1,003 (LV) 40% 36% 24%
Morning Consult November 14–16, 2025 2,201 (RV) 39% 41% 20%
Leger360 August 29–31, 2025 849 (A) 44% 49% 7%
Marco Rubio vs. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 Marco Rubio
(R)		 Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
(D)		 Undecided
Emerson College[66] August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 48% 43% 8%
Zogby July 1–4, 2026 1,003 (LV) 39% 38% 23%
Marco Rubio vs. Jon Ossoff
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 Marco Rubio
(R)		 Jon Ossoff
(D)		 Undecided
Emerson College August 16–17, 2026 1,000 (LV) 44% 47% 9%

Statewide

Nevada
JD Vance vs. Gavin Newsom
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size[i]		 JD Vance
(R)		 Gavin Newsom
(D)		 Undecided
The Tarrance Group June 20–24, 2026 550 (LV) 47% 43% 10%

Notes

  1. ↑ Attributed to multiple sources:[1][2][3]
  2. ↑ Attributed to multiple sources:[4][5][6]
  3. ↑ Individuals listed below have, as of August 2026, personally expressed an interest in seeking the 2028 Republican Party presidential nomination in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.
  4. ↑ Individuals listed below have, as of August 2026, been mentioned as potential 2028 presidential candidates in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.
  5. ↑ Individuals listed below have, as of August 2026, personally expressed an interest in seeking the 2028 Democratic Party presidential nomination in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.
  6. ↑ Individuals listed below have, as of August 2026, been mentioned as potential 2028 presidential candidates in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.
  7. ↑ Individuals listed below have, as of June 2026, personally expressed an interest in running for president in 2028 in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.
  8. ↑ Sinema was a registered Democrat until 2022, at which point she changed her registration to independent, and continued to caucus with the Senate Democrats.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Key:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear
  10. ↑ Another candidate 2%, Not vote 17%
  11. ↑ Another candidate 2%, Not vote 16%

References

  1. ↑ Picchi, Aimee (October 30, 2024). "Why inflation in one battleground state could sway the election". CBS News. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  2. ↑ Zahn, Max (November 8, 2024). "Why inflation helped tip the election toward Trump, according to experts". ABC News. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  3. ↑ Robinson, Simon (December 23, 2024). "Inflation, elections and war dominated 2024". Reuters. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  4. ↑ Jordan, Miriai (November 6, 2024). "Voters Were Fed Up Over Immigration. They Voted for Trump". The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  5. ↑ Tesler, Michael (November 20, 2024). "How immigration swung voters of color to Trump". FiveThirtyEight. Archived from the original on November 20, 2024. Retrieved March 15, 2025 – via ABC News.
  6. ↑ Potts, Monica (November 14, 2024). "Why voters chose Trump". FiveThirtyEight. Archived from the original on November 14, 2024. Retrieved March 15, 2025 – via ABC News.
  7. ↑ Burn-Murdoch, John (November 7, 2024). "Democrats join 2024's graveyard of incumbents". Financial Times. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  8. ↑ Burton, Cooper (November 18, 2024). "Democrats aren't alone — incumbent parties have lost elections all around the world". ABC News. Archived from the original on November 18, 2024. Retrieved November 20, 2024.
  9. ↑ Beauchamp, Zack (November 6, 2024). "The global trend that pushed Donald Trump to victory". Vox. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  10. ↑ Liptak, Adam (March 4, 2024). "Trump Prevails in Supreme Court Challenge to His Eligibility". The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  11. ↑ Colvin, Jill; Cooper, Jonathan; Peoples, Steve (July 17, 2024). "JD Vance introduces himself as Trump's running mate and makes direct appeal to his native Rust Belt". Associated Press. Retrieved June 6, 2026.
  12. ↑ Sotomayor, Marianna; Vazquez, Maegan (November 12, 2024). "Republicans inch toward 'trifecta' control of House, Senate, White House". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  13. ↑ Hassan, Adeel (November 2, 2024). "What to Know About the Electoral College". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  14. ↑ Putnam, Josh (May 12, 2015). "Everything you need to know about how the presidential primary works". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  15. ↑ Cramer, Maria (February 27, 2020). "A Brokered Convention? Here's What's Happened Before". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  16. ↑ Bink, Addy (July 21, 2024). "After Biden drops out of 2024 race, does Kamala Harris become the Democratic nominee? Not exactly". The Hill. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  17. ↑ "2 U.S. Code § 7 – Time of election". Cornell Law School. Retrieved November 7, 2022.
  18. ↑ Nakamura, David (April 19, 2024). "Trump's the likely GOP nominee. He can serve even if convicted of a crime". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  19. ↑ Cabral, Sam; Epstein, Kayla (February 7, 2024). "The 14th Amendment plan to disqualify Trump, explained". BBC News. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  20. ↑ Astor, Maggie (June 20, 2024). "Trump Has Been Convicted. Can He Still Run for President?". The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
  21. ↑ Vigdor, Neil (November 18, 2024). "No, Trump Cannot Run for Re-election Again in 2028". The New York Times. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  22. ↑ Stoddart, Michelle; Brennan, David (October 27, 2025). "Trump refuses to rule out 3rd term, says he got 'perfect' MRI at Walter Reed". ABC News. Retrieved October 27, 2025.
  23. ↑ Debussman Jr., Bernd (October 27, 2025). "Trump does not rule out seeking third term - but says he will not use VP loophole". BBC News. Retrieved October 27, 2025.
  24. ↑ Rogers, Katie (October 27, 2025). "Trump Says a Recent M.R.I. Scan Was 'Perfect,' and He'd 'Love' a Third Term". The New York Times. Retrieved October 27, 2025.
  25. ↑ Hunnicutt, Trevor; Renshaw, Jarrett (October 27, 2025). "Trump dismisses 2028 VP run as 'too cute,' leaves door open to third term". Reuters. Retrieved October 27, 2025.
  26. ↑ Mallinson, Daniel J. (November 7, 2024). "How Trump won Pennsylvania − and what the numbers from key counties show about the future of a pivotal swing state". The Conversation. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  27. ↑ Wolf, Zachary (November 9, 2024). "Analysis: Trump's win was real but not a landslide. Here's where it ranks". CNN. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  28. ↑ Sedghi, Amy (November 10, 2024). "Trump wins Arizona to clinch sweep of seven battleground states". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  29. ↑ Friedman, Matt; Han, Daniel (November 6, 2024). "New Jersey might be a swing state now". Politico. Retrieved September 5, 2025.
  30. ↑ Tully, Tracey; New York Times (November 7, 2024). "Trump's Narrow Loss in New Jersey Signals a Shift to the Right". The New York Times.
  31. ↑ Ramstad, Evan (November 13, 2024). "Ramstad: Minnesota will be a swing state in the 2028 election". Minnesota Star Tribune. Retrieved August 28, 2025.
  32. ↑ Friedman, Matt (July 31, 2025). "Trump underwater by double digits in New Jersey, poll finds". Politico Pro. Retrieved August 28, 2025.
  33. ↑ Kondik, Kyle (August 29, 2023). "No, Ohio Is Not in Play". Politico. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  34. ↑ Bischoff, Laura A. (November 8, 2024). "What's the future for Ohio Democrats after huge election losses?". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  35. ↑ Kephart, Tim (November 6, 2024). "Florida joins the rest of the Deep South as a Republican stronghold". WFTS-TV. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  36. ↑ Murray, Isabella. "The congressional race that could indicate just how red Iowa has shifted". ABC News. Retrieved November 21, 2023.
  37. ↑ Mejia, Elena; Skelley, Geoffrey (December 8, 2020). "How The 2020 Election Changed The Electoral Map". FiveThirtyEight. Archived from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
  38. ↑ Weisman, Jonathan; Epstein, Reid (September 20, 2024). "How One Man's Vote in Nebraska Could Change the Presidential Election". The New York Times.
  39. ↑ Sanderford, Aaron (January 31, 2025). "Defenders of Nebraska's 'blue dot' come out in force against winner-take-all at hearing • Nebraska Examiner". Nebraska Examiner. Retrieved March 8, 2025.
  40. ↑ "STATEMENT OF CANDIDACY". Federal Election Commission. Retrieved June 8, 2026.
  41. ↑ Holaday, Carsen (May 26, 2026). "The Simpsons writer who predicted Trump presidency launches bid for White House in 2028". The Independent. Retrieved May 26, 2026.
  42. ↑ Austin, Ahmad (August 12, 2026). "Ex-NBA Player Royce White Announces Presidential Bid After Getting Crushed in Senate Primary". Mediate. Retrieved August 12, 2026.
  43. ↑ Arnold, Jeff; Bradley, Ali (June 8, 2026). "Ex-Border Patrol commander Bovino exploring 2028 White House run". NewsNation. Retrieved June 8, 2026.
  44. 1 2 Winger, Richard (May 28, 2026). "Jo Jorgensen Will Form an Exploratory Committee to Ponder 2028 Presidential Run". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
  45. ↑ Folks, Will (May 28, 2026). "Jo Jorgensen: South Carolina Libertarian Eyes 2028 Presidential Bid". Fits News. Retrieved May 29, 2026.
  46. ↑ "Afroman hints at presidential run after Adams County court win". WKEF. April 20, 2026. Retrieved April 23, 2026.
  47. ↑ Heaton, Andrew (April 20, 2026). "Afroman on Becoming the 2028 Libertarian Presidential Nominee". Reason. Retrieved April 23, 2026.
  48. ↑ Burns, Alexander (February 11, 2020). "Andrew Yang Ends Democratic Presidential Campaign". The New York Times. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  49. ↑ Burns, Alexander (October 5, 2021). "Andrew Yang Starts a Third Party, Seeking to Upend the Political System". The New York Times. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  50. ↑ "Is Andrew Yang Running for President?". The New York Times. April 27, 2026. Retrieved July 26, 2026.
  51. ↑ Sozzi, Brian (June 22, 2026). "Andrew Yang on a 2028 run for president, Elon Musk, and AI job cuts". Yahoo Finance. Retrieved July 26, 2026.
  52. ↑ Scripps News Group (August 18, 2026). "Andrew Yang proposes $15K for families as AI transforms US economy". Scripps News. Retrieved August 21, 2026.
  53. ↑ Barshad, Amos. "The Interview: Tucker Carlson on pitying Donald Trump, never listening to podcasts, and planning a new political party—while selling you nicotine pouches". Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved July 2, 2026. I don't want to be a candidate.
  54. ↑ Garrison, Joey. "Tucker Carlson says he's starting a third party after break with Trump". USA TODAY. Retrieved July 2, 2026.
  55. ↑ Smith, Allan; Korecki, Natasha; Seitz-Wald, Alex (November 16, 2024). "Democratic jockeying for the 2028 presidential election is already underway". NBC News. Retrieved January 18, 2025.
  56. ↑ Soave, Robby (October 21, 2025). "Jack Dorsey backs GOP Rep. Thomas Massie for president". The Hill.
  57. 1 2 Allen, Jonathan (March 6, 2026). "MTG pushes Tucker Carlson for 2028". Axios. Retrieved March 9, 2026.
  58. ↑ Main, Alison; Manu, Raju (November 23, 2025). "Marjorie Taylor Greene says she doesn't want to run for president in 2028". CNN. Retrieved December 1, 2025.
  59. ↑ Kile, Meredith (June 23, 2026). "Marjorie Taylor Greene and Tucker Carlson Declare They're 'Done' with the Republican Party: 'It's Immoral'". People. Retrieved July 9, 2026.
  60. ↑ Armour, Stephanie; Seitz, Amanda (May 15, 2026). "Kennedy, balancing MAHA and White House, says he won't run for president in 2028". CBS News. Retrieved May 15, 2026.
  61. ↑ Skinner, Qwame (September 27, 2025). "Stephen A. Smith gets official presidential endorsement". The Comeback. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  62. ↑ Everett, Burgess (December 20, 2024). "Kyrsten Sinema: The exit interview". Semafor. Retrieved February 7, 2025.
  63. 1 2 Pellish, Aaron; Perez Ibarguen, Emilio (August 5, 2026). "Anti-Trump conservatives Tucker Carlson, MTG, Massie huddle about launching third-party movement". Politico. Kent said every attendee at the Maine meeting urged Carlson to run for president in 2028 with their group's backing but noted that Carlson said he wouldn't run.
  64. ↑ Torregiani, Isabella (June 4, 2026). "Candace Owens pitches Tucker Carlson to be president". Wonderwall. AOL.com. Retrieved July 8, 2026. ... on Thursday, June 4, the podcast host made a strong case for Tucker Carlson as a potential presidential contender.
  65. ↑ Henderson, Cameron (July 16, 2025). "Russell Brand joins RFK Jr at 'presidential run' fundraising event". Retrieved February 24, 2026.
  66. 1 2 "August 2026 National Poll: Democrats Lead Congressional Ballot by Eight Points; Rubio Outperforms Vance on 2028 Ballot Tests". Retrieved August 20, 2026.
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