Cyber scams cost Americans $18 billion a year. Few victims get their money back

The U.S. government isn’t doing enough to fight the surge in cyber scams, and partnerships with the private sector remain fragmented and voluntary, an investigation into the global scam industry led by the Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress has found.

The government doesn’t even have a unified accounting of how much money has been seized from overseas scam compounds, nor how much has been returned to victims, according to the report, released Tuesday by ranking Democrats Sen. Maggie Hassan and Rep. Don Beyer.

Citing findings from a yearlong investigation into global scams by the Associated Press and the investigative program Frontline, the report called for greater collaboration across agencies, support for victims and deeper private sector engagement.

“Transnational criminal organizations run massive compounds that exploit U.S. technology, including AI, to carry out scams against Americans with devastating consequences,” Hassan said in an email. “The scale of this exponentially growing challenge requires Congress, the Administration, and the private sector to all strengthen their efforts.”

The report, which the AP obtained before its release, made clear how hard it is for scam victims to get their money back, despite the quickening pace of seizures announced by a variety of U.S. government agencies.

The FBI told the committee it returned $336 million to scam victims last year.

The Federal Trade Commission reported it returned $1.83 billion to fraud victims in fiscal year 2025, but couldn’t determine how much of that money had been lost to overseas scam compounds.

The U.S. Secret Service returned more than $770 million in seized assets to fraud victims in fiscal years 2024 and 2025, but noted the money had come from a range of fraud schemes.

The State Department said foreign law enforcement agencies that receive support from the department seized proceeds “in the low hundreds of millions of dollars,” but told Congress to ask the Departments of Justice, Homeland Security and Treasury for details.

Taken together, that adds up to only a fraction of what victims have lost. Americans reported cyberfraud losses of nearly $18 billion — that’s more than $2 million an hour — last year to the FBI. Many don’t even report the crime.

The report also expressed concern that even as criminal scam networks expand into more countries, State Department cutbacks eliminated at least one anti-scam program in Bangladesh, which had been training local law enforcement to conduct cyberfraud investigations.

Bangladesh is an emerging hub for global scam operations, according to a report last month by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime that was funded by the European Union.

The State Department, which said it has 60 employees in the U.S. and Asia who dedicate significant time to fighting overseas scam compounds, told the committee it “has the tools it needs to combat the threat internationally.”

The report urged Congress to pass pending legislation that would mandate a unified federal strategy to combat scams and establish a central location for victims to report losses and seek help. The White House also has advocated for greater federal coordination.

Several Justice Department officials told Congress that private sector companies should focus more on scam prevention, but U.S. regulators and lawmakers have so far not created clear incentives for them to do so. Unlike the 27-nation EU, the United Kingdom, Australia and Singapore, the United States has stopped short of holding technology, telecommunications or financial services companies potentially liable if they fail to do enough to protect consumers from scams.

Kate Griffin, a director at the Aspen Institute’s financial security program, said there has been important progress, but the U.S. still lacks “durable, sustainable scam prevention.”

“We don’t see that showing up yet in reduced victimization,” she said. “And that’s what really needs to happen.”

Kinetz writes for the Associated Press.